DEVELOPING A GOOGLE SITES-BASED ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION MODULE WITH SELF-REGULATED LEARNING
PRELIMINARY LEARNING OUTCOMES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30868/ei.v15i04.10981Keywords:
digital module, google sites, self-regulated learning, islamic religious education, religious literacyAbstract
This study developed and preliminarily evaluated a Google Sites-based Islamic Religious Education (IRE) module organized around the forethought, performance and self-reflection phases of self-regulated learning (SRL). ADDIE guided development; five lecturers and five former IRE students contributed needs-analysis evidence, and five experts rated ten module-quality indicators. A 12-week one-group pretest–posttest implementation involved 150 second-semester students at Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, recruited by convenience sampling. Responses to 20 five-point items were analyzed as a total-score composite because authenticated item wording and a seven-domain scoring key were unavailable. Assuming the pretest and posttest workbook rows correspond to the same students, mean scores increased from 63.69 to 72.67 (t(149) = −37.007 for pretest minus posttest, p < .001; paired Cohen’s d_z = 3.022). The mean individual normalized gain was low (0.278); 66% of students showed low gains and 34% medium gains. Total-score internal consistency was high (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.955 at pretest and 0.931 at posttest). All ten module indicators had I-CVI = 1.00 if ratings of 4–5 were classified as relevant, a threshold awaiting protocol confirmation. The findings document preliminary within-cohort score changes and an SRL-aligned design but do not establish a causal module effect or improvement across seven distinct religious-literacy dimensions.
References
Affandi, L., Rahmat, M., & Supriadi, U. (2021). A thematic digital Quran learning model in Islamic religious education. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(2), 181–194. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v7i2.15062
Ahmad, K. A., Asni, F., Hasbulah, M. H., Hashom, H., Mustafa, W. A., Noor, A. M., Tambak, S., & Nasir, K. (2025). Mobile learning of Islamic studies: A comprehensive review. Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 48(2), 211–224. https://doi.org/10.37934/araset.48.2.211224
Aktan, S. (2018). Islamic civilization and its classical curriculum theory: The philosophy, institutions and important theoreticians of classical curriculum theory. In Curriculum studies worldwide (pp. 1–43). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-53538-2_1
Asril, Z., Syafril, S., Engkizar, & Arifin, Z. (2023). Advancing educational practices: Implementation and impact of virtual reality in Islamic religious education. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 9(2), 199–210. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v9i2.20567
Barnard, L., Lan, W. Y., To, Y. M., Paton, V. O., & Lai, S. L. (2009). Measuring self-regulation in online and blended learning environments. The Internet and Higher Education, 12(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2008.10.005
Berger, M. S. (2021). Shifting paradigms in Islamic higher education in Europe: The case study of Leiden University. Religions, 12(1), Article 63. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel12010063
Branch, R. M. (2009). Instructional design: The ADDIE approach. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09506-6
Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297–334. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02310555
Dabbagh, N., & Kitsantas, A. (2012). Personal learning environments, social media, and self-regulated learning: A natural formula for connecting formal and informal learning. The Internet and Higher Education, 15(1), 3–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2011.06.002
Faqihuddin, A. (2026). Metode penelitian pendidikan agama Islam. Al-Khazin: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 2(1), 18–38. https://doi.org/10.67864/al-khazin.v2i1.33
Faqihuddin, A., Sari, I., Suresman, E., Fazar, F., Ilyasa, F. F., & Muflih, A. (2026). Smart Apps Creator-based Islamic mobile learning application for strengthening religious literacy among senior high school students. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 23(1), 126–148. https://doi.org/10.14421/v23i1.10998
Hannam, P., Biesta, G., Whittle, S., & Aldridge, D. (2020). Religious literacy: A way forward for religious education? Journal of Beliefs & Values, 41(2), 214–226. https://doi.org/10.1080/13617672.2020.1736969
Jenuri, Faqihuddin, A., Suresman, E., Abdullah, M., & Fahrudin. (2025). Overcoming the spiritual emptiness of students in the modern era through the integration of Al-Ghazali’s human concepts in the Islamic religious education learning model. Cogent Education, 12(1), Article 2497147. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2025.2497147
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Moore, D. L. (2007). Overcoming religious illiteracy: A cultural studies approach to the study of religion in secondary education. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230607002
Panadero, E. (2017). A review of self-regulated learning: Six models and four directions for research. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, Article 422. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00422
Polit, D. F., Beck, C. T., & Owen, S. V. (2007). Is the CVI an acceptable indicator of content validity? Appraisal and recommendations. Research in Nursing & Health, 30(4), 459–467. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.20199
Prothero, S. R. (2007). Religious literacy: What every American needs to know—and doesn’t. HarperOne.
Rahmawati, R., Supriadi, U., & Faqihuddin, A. (2025). The effectiveness of Google Sites-based digital modules in Islamic religious education to improve students' emotional intelligence. Intiqad: Jurnal Agama dan Pendidikan Islam, 17(1), 93–106. https://doi.org/10.30596/23933
Saada, N., & Magadlah, H. (2021). The meanings and possible implications of critical Islamic religious education. British Journal of Religious Education, 43(2), 206–217. https://doi.org/10.1080/01416200.2020.1785844
Suresman, E., Faqihuddin, A., Abdullah, M., Romadhon, F., Nurhayati, N., & Muflih, A. (2026). A multilevel perspective on university student mental health: A systematic review of determinants and implications for social inclusion. Mental Health and Social Inclusion. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1108/MHSI-08-2026-0293
Yusoff, M. S. B. (2019). ABC of content validation and content validity index calculation. Education in Medicine Journal, 11(2), 49–54. https://doi.org/10.21315/eimj2019.11.2.6
Zakiyyah, I., Suparto, & Maswani. (2024). Learning management of Islamic religious education based on digital technology. In 2024 12th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management (CITSM). https://doi.org/10.1109/CITSM64103.2024.10775708
Zimmerman, B. J. (2002). Becoming a self-regulated learner: An overview. Theory Into Practice, 41(2), 64–70.
Zimmerman, B. J., & Schunk, D. H. (Eds.). (2011). Handbook of self-regulation of learning and performance. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203839010
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Mulyana Abdullah, Achmad Faqihuddin, Inda Sari, Abdillah Muflih
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
