ANALISIS KESEHATAN FINANSIAL DAN KINERJA SOSIAL (STUDI KASUS BANK MUAMALAT INDONESIA DAN BANK SYARIAH MANDIRI)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30868/ad.v2i01.238Abstract
Dewasa ini, bank syariah diharapkan mampu menjadi solusi bagi permasalahan ekonomi global, baik itu bagi muslimin maupun non-muslim (prinsip: rahmatan lil alamin). Agar tercapai cita-cita yang diinginkan, maka perlu dilakukan program di semua lini masyarakat, mulai dari edukasi di bidang pendidikan, dunia usaha serta perbankan. Dengan mengedukasi masyarakat diharapkan sistem dan prinsip dasar ekonomi syariah dapat menjadi mindset dan landasan berekonomi yang kokoh. Selanjutnya perbankan syariah dituntut untuk lebih berperan aktif dalam hal sosialisasi kepada dunia usaha yang dilandasi dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah dan berinovasi terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat serta perkembangan zaman agar tujuannya yang mulia tersebut dapat terlaksana. Bank syariah dikembangkan sebagai lembaga bisnis keuangan yang melaksanakan kegiatan usahanya sejalan dengan prinsip-prinsip dasar dalam ekonomi Islam. Tujuan ekonomi Islam bagi bank syariah tidak hanya terfokus pada tujuan komersil yang tergambar pada pencapaian keuntungan maksimal semata, tetapi juga mempertimbangkan perannya dalam memberikan kesejahteraan secara luas bagi masyarakat. Kontribusi untuk turut serta dalam mewujudkan kesejahteraan masyarakat tersebut merupakan peran bank syariah dalam pelaksanaan fungsi sosialnya. Melalui fungsi sosial ini diharapkan akan memperlancar alokasi dan distribusi dana sosial yang dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat, terutama mereka yang sangat membutuhkan. Adapun empat aspek penting dalam komponen kesehatan finansial antara lain: permodalan (capital), kualitas aset (asset quality); rentabilitas (earning); dan likuiditas (liquidity). Sedangkan dalam mengukur tingkat kinerja sosial, aspek yang dihitung antara lain: aspek Kontribusi Kepada Masyarakat (KKM), yaitu pembiayaan qardh, kinerja zakat, pelaksanaan fungsi sosial, dan pelaksanaan fungsi edukasi (CSR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan dalam periode tahun 2002-2009, tingkat kesehatan finansial BSM lebih baik dari BMI. Sedangkan untuk tingkat kinerja sosial, dalam periode tahun 2003-2007 kinerja BSM lebih baik dari BMI.
Kata kunci: financial ratio, social ratio, time series, trend, correlation.
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Abstract
Today, Islamic banks are expected to be a solution for global economic problems, whether for Muslims and non-Muslims (principle: rahmatan lil alamin). In order to achieve the desired goals, it is necessary to do the program in all lines of society, ranging from education in the field of education, business, and banking. By educating the community, the system and basic principles of sharia economy can be a mindset and a solid economic foundation. Furthermore, sharia banking is required to play an active role in socialization to the business world based on the principles of sharia and innovate against the needs of society and the development of the times so that its noble purpose can be accomplished. Islamic banks are developed as financial business institutions that conduct their business activities in line with the basic principles of Islamic economics. Islamic economic goals for sharia banks not only focus on commercial goals are reflected in the achievement of maximum profit alone, but also consider its role in providing welfare widely for the community. Contribution to participate in realizing the welfare of the community is the role of sharia banks in the implementation of social functions. Through this social function is expected to smooth the allocation and distribution of social funds needed by the community, especially those in great need. The four important aspects in the components of financial health, among others: capital, asset quality; profitability (earnings); and liquidity. Meanwhile, in measuring the level of social performance, the calculated aspect is among others: aspects of Community Contribution (KKM), ie qardh financing, zakat performance, implementation of social function, and implementation of education function (CSR). The results show that overall in the period of 2002-2009, BSM financial health is better than BMI. As for the level of social performance, in the period 2003-2007 BSM performance is better than BMI.
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Keyword: financial ratio, social ratio, time series, trend, correlation.Downloads
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