PERAN QIRA’AT DALAM MENAFSIRKAN AYAT-AYAT AL-QUR’AN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30868/at.v7i02.3181Abstract
Al-Qur’an diturunkan dengan sab'atu ahruf (tujuh segi perbedaan) . Tujuh segi perbedaan difahami mayoritas ulama bahwa ragam bacaan dalam Al-Qur'an tidak lepas dari tujuh macam perbedaan, yaitu: perbedaan bentuk isim, perbedaan bentuk fi'il, perbedaan bentuk I'rab, perbedaan antara hazhf dan itsbât, perbedaan antara naqsh dan ziyadah, perbedaan antara taqdîm dan ta'khîr, dan perbedaan segi dialek atau lahjah. Ragam bacaan tersebut ssebagai bentuk kemudahan dan kemurahan dari Allah SWT yang diberikan kepada umat nabi Muhammad saw. Perbedaan bacaan sebagian membawa pengaruh terhadap perbedaan makna, dan ada pula yang tidak membawa pengaruh terhadap penafsiran seperti padada perbedaan dialek. Perbedaan qira'at yang membawa pengaruh terhadap perbedaan makna seperti lafazh lâmastum dibaca lamastu artinya menyentuh, qira'at lain membaca lâmastum artinya saling bersentuhan. Lafazh Mâliki dalam surah al-fatihah dibaca Mâliki artinya pemilik, sedang Maliki artinya penguasa. Lafazh miskin dibaca miskîn artinya seorang miskin qira'at lain masâkîn artinya beberapa orang miskin. Perbedaan bacaan tersebut dapat mempengaruhi penafsiran namun demikian perbedaan tersebut masih dalam koridor yang tidak bertentangan jauh, justru memberikan pemahaman yang lebih luas terhadap isi kandungan ayat.
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