FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENYEBAB PENYIMPANGAN DALAM TAFSIR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30868/at.v3i01.258Abstract
Abstrak
Tafsir merupakan cara untuk memahami Al-Qur‟an. Keberadaannya
menjadi sebuah keharusan karena ayat-ayat yang terdapat dalam Al-Qur‟an
bersifat umum, sehingga tidak mudah untuk dipahami. Akan tetapi, meski
tafsir menjadi satu-satunya jalan untuk memahami Al-Qur‟an, bukan berarti
bahwa ia terbebas dari penyimpangan. Penyimpangan ini dapat berakibat
semakin jauh seseorang dari pemahaman terhadap makna Al-Qur‟an yang
sesungguhnya. Oleh karenanya, berbagai faktor penyebab penyimpangan
dalam tafsir perlu dideteksi dan kemudian dieliminir agar penyimpangan
terhadap penafsiran Al-Qur‟an dapat dihindari. Beberapa faktor penyebab
penyimpangan dalam tafsir adalah subjektifitas mufassir, kekeliruan dalam
menetapkan metode atau kaidah, kedangkalan dalam ilmu-ilmu alat,
kedangkalan pengetahuan tentang materi uraian (pembicaraan) ayat, tidak
memperhatikan konteks, dan tidak memperhatikan siapa pembicara dan
terhadap siapa pembicara itu ditujukan. Selain itu kesamaran karena jarak
antara nabi dengan umat yang cukup jauh, faktor materi, dan faktor histori
turut serta mendukung penyimpangan dalam tafsir.
Tafseer is a way of understanding the Qur'an. Its existence becomes a
necessity because the verses contained in the Qur'an are general, so it is not
easy to understand. However, while interpretation is the only way to
understand the Qur'an, it does not mean that it is free from perversion. This
deviation can result in an increasingly distant person from understanding the
true meaning of the Quran. Therefore, various factors causing deviations in
the interpretation need to be detected and then eliminated so that deviations
from the interpretation of the Quran can be avoided. Some of the factors
causing irregularities in the commentary are the subjectivity of the exegete,
the error in setting the method or rule, superficiality in the sciences, the
superficial knowledge of the subject matter (speech) verse, regardless of the
context, and not paying attention to who the speaker is and to whom the
speaker is addressed. Besides the disguise because the distance between the
prophet and the people who are far enough, the material factors, and the
factors of history to participate in supporting the irregularities in the tafseer.
Keywords: Irregularities, Tafseer, Quran
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