Character Building in Contemporary Islamic Education and The Impact of Rauḍah Al Aṭfal Teacher Character Values Implementation in Rauḍah Al Aṭfal (RA) Muslimat Nahdlatul Ulama’ (NU) 1 Dinoyo in Malang City

The aim of this research is to gain a holistic understanding of: First, what are the impacts of the RA teachers’ character values implementation in RA Muslimat NU 1 Dinoyo, Malang City. Second, how to build RA teachers’ character in RA Muslimat NU 1 Dinoyo, Malang City in Contemporary Islamic education. Based on the desired objective, this is a case study using a qualitative approach, that points out the importance of building RA (rauḍah al aṭfal) teachers’ character. Based on the dimension that seeks to understand the microsubjective dimension that has a dialectic relationship with the macro-subjective dimension, the paradigm used is Phenomenology. Ontologically, the paradigm understands that reality is complex and holistic. There are 16 pillars of Educators/Kindergarten Teachers’ Character Builder, namely: affection, appreciation, space Provision for Self Development, trust, cooperation, mutual sharing, mutual motivation, mutual listening, positive mutual interaction, mutual moral value embedment, mutual sincere reminder, mutual enthusiasm giving, mutual self-potential seeking, mutual teaching with humility, mutual inspiration, mutual respect for diversity.


A. INTRODUCTION
Character building in Contemporary Islamic Education, particularly a teacher's character, is essential since teachers are professional educators whose main duties are educating, teaching, guiding, directing, training, assessing, and evaluating students in the early childhood education: formal, primary, and middle school education (Law of Republic of Indonesia Number 14 of 2005).
Professional is an occupation or activity performed by someone and it becomes a source of income that needs expertise, skill, or proficiency that fit the standardized quality or certain norms as well as professional education (Law of Republic of Indonesia Number 14 of 2005).
Professionalism points out the commitment of a profession's members to improve the professional skill and continuously develop the strategies implemented in performing the work based on the profession.
There are many cases within the society in which the status as a teacher still cannot guarantee that one can control his/her lust, is undisciplined, has a disorganized lifestyle, is dependent, and give less benefit to others. Based on the desired objectives, this study is considered a case study using a qualitative approach as has been questioned previously. It considers the importance of building RA teachers' character. Islamic Fikrah (thinking) dan shakhṣiyah (personal) which are strongly embedded within RA teachers as the role models for the society will certainly influence their life journey.
The ethics applied in the daily activities of RA teachers will definitely not be too different from what has been implemented by the Prophet, Muhammad PBUH (peace be upon him). Therefore, this writing will seek answers to the questions, namely how to build RA teachers' character and what are the impacts of RA teachers' character values implementation. The writer is interested to do research on teachers' characters since there are many teachers who do not possess the right character that is based on religious teaching, nowadays.
Thankfully, there are many Islamic educational institutions that establish rauḍah al aṭfal.
Efforts to understand the impacts of RA teachers' character values implementation in RA Muslimat NU 1 Dinoyo in Malang based on the Islamic teaching's point of view, perception, understanding are needed.

B. METHODS
Based on the desired objective, this is a case study using qualitative approach. The method used in this study should be suitable for the study's objective that is obtaining a holistic understanding. Based on the dimension that seeks to understand the microsubjective dimension that has dialectic relationship with the macro-subjective dimension.
The paradigm used is Phenomenology. Ontologically, the paradigm understands that reality is complex and holistic. This part will present: First, the type, approach, and model of study; Second, the data source; and Third, data analysis.

C. FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
Based on the dimension that seeks to understand the micro-subjective dimension that has dialectic relationship with the macro-subjective dimension (Robert N. Bellah, 1976) , , the paradigm used is Phenomenology. Ontologically, the paradigm (Robert C. Bogdan and Sari Knopp Biklen, 1998) understands that reality is complex and holistic. This part will present: First, the type, approach, and model of study; Second, the data source; and Third, data analysis.
According to Syekh Hasan al Banna, in building Muslim character, in this case the character of RA teachers in contemporary Islamic education, can be seen from these ten indications, namely:

‫العقيدة‬ ‫,سليم‬ that is: Pure/Correct Aqeedah (Faith of Islam)
Every Muslim must have pure aqeedah (salīm al 'aqīdah). With a pure aqeedah, one will have a strong bond with Allah SWT. Thus, with a strong bond, he/she will not be deviated from the path and provision of Allah SWT. (Abdul Majid and Dian Andayani, 2010).

‫العبادة‬ ‫,صحيح‬ that is: Correct Way of Prayer
The correct way of worshipping is ṣahīh al ibādah that is one of the commands of The Prophet, Rasulullah SAW. The most important thing, as mentioned in a Hadith, he states: "Perform the prayer as how I do it". This statement points out that every worship or prayer must be in accordance with the Sunnah of The Prophet, Muhammad PBUH. It means reduction or addition is forbidden (Abdul Majid and Dian Andayani, 2010).
According to Hasan Al Banna, the facilities of activities can be considered correct by performing worship or prayer. The forms of prayer are ablution, perform the prayer on time, give zakah, fasting during Ramadhan, perform hajj, intention of doing jihad (strive for defending Islam), correcting taubah (repentance) and saying istighfar (an act of seeking the forgiveness from Allah), and striving against the lust and negative tendencies (Saidan).

‫الخلق‬ ‫,متين‬ is : A Strong Morality
A strong morality (matīn al ḥulūq) or a good morality is the attitude and behavior that must be possessed by every Muslim, both vertical and horizontal relation. With this strong morality, people will be happy in the world and in the hereafter (Abdul Majid and Dian Andayani, 2010).

‫الجسم‬ ‫قوي‬ , is : A Strong Body
A strong body (qawiyyu al jismi) is one of the characters that must be possessed by a muslim. A strong body means that a muslim has the immune system so that he can carry out the teaching of Islam optimally with strong body. Prayer, fasting, zakat and pilgrimage are practices that must be carried out with a strong body, so do the war and other struggles (Abdul Majid and Dian Andayani, 2010).

‫الفكر‬ ‫ف‬ ّ ‫مثق‬ , is: Smart Thinking
Smart thinking (mutsaqqaf al fikri) is one of the important characters that Muslim should have. This is one of the characteristics of the Prophet Muhammad PBUH, fathanah (smart). In the Qur'an, there are many verses to stimulate how people can do smart thinking (Abdul Majid and Dian Andayani, 2010).

‫وقته‬ ‫على‬ ‫حريصٌ‬ , is: Always Having a Good Time Management
Having a good time management (harītsun 'alal waqtihi) is an important factor for people (especially modern people today). This is because time gets great attention from Allah SWT and the Prophet. Allah SWT often swears by mentioning the names of times in starting the verse such as Wal 'Ashri, wal fajri, wad dluha, wal laili, and so on. It shows that time is very valuable.

‫نه‬ ‫ؤ‬ ‫س‬ ‫في‬ ٌ ‫م‬ ّ ‫نظ‬ ‫,م‬ is: Being Organized in Many Affairs.
Being organized in an affair (munazhzhamun fī su'ūnihi) is a Muslim's personality which is highly recommended in Islam. Both 'ubudiyah and mu'āmalah, are well implemented. When the affairs are handled together, do it together well, it will make God (Allah SWT) loves him (Abdul Majid and Dian Andayani, 2010).

‫الكسب‬ ‫َلى‬ ‫ع‬ ٌ ‫ر‬ ‫ادِ‬ َ ‫,ق‬ is: Being an Autonomous Person
Being an autonomous (independent) person (qādirun 'ala al kasbi), especially in building economic power, most people sacrifice their principles because they do not have economic independence. As we know that, in Islam, one of the Muslim's characters is to be instructed for looking for the basic necessities of life (nafkah). Al-Qur'an and Al Hadith often allude about it (Abdul Majid and Dian Andayani, 2010).

‫ن‬ ‫لغيره‬ ٌ ‫افع‬ , is : Being Useful to Others
Being useful to others (nāfi'un lighairih) is a demand for every Muslim. Being useful means having a good benefit for others, so that wherever he is, people around him feel his existence. So, it is hoped that the existence of a Muslim does not become a problem, and his/her absence is not a bizarre. So, he should try to have a good role in society. As the Prophet Muhammad PBUH said: The best humans are those who are the most useful for others. (H.R. Qudli from Jabir RA).

D. CONCLUSION
To build the teachers' character in RA Muslimat NU 1 Dinoyo Malang in contemporary Islamic education according to the principal is by implementing six "ready" habits, namely: